Three-dimensional modelling of crustal motions caused by subduction and continental convergence in the central Mediterranean     

Ana Maria Negredo  Roberto Sabadini  Giuseppe Bianco  & Manel Fernandez 《Geophysical Journal International》1999,136(1):261-274

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A three-dimensional image of shallow subduction: crustal structure of the Raukumara Peninsula, New Zealand   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Martin Reyners  Donna Eberhart-Phillips  & Graham Stuart 《Geophysical Journal International》1999,137(3):873-890

Earthquake arrival time data from a 36-station deployment of portable seismographs on the Raukumara Peninsula have been used to determine the 3-D Vp and Vp/Vs structure of this region of shallow subduction. A series of inversions have been performed, starting with an inversion for 1-D structure, then 2-D, and finally 3-D. This procedure ensures a smooth regional model in places of low resolution. The subducted plate is imaged as a northwest-dipping feature, with Vp consistently greater than 8.5  km  s⁻¹ in the uppermost mantle of the plate. Structure in the overlying plate changes significantly along strike. In the northeast, there is an extensive low-velocity zone in the lower crust underlying the most rapidly rising part of the Raukumara Range. It is bounded on its arcward side by an upwarp of high velocity. A viable explanation for the low-velocity zone is that it represents an accumulation of underplated subducted sediment, while serpentinization of the uppermost mantle may be responsible for the adjacent high-velocity region. The low-velocity zone decreases and the adjacent high-velocity region is less extensive in the southwest. This change is interpreted to be related to a change in the thickness of the crust of the overlying plate. In the northeast the crust is thinner, and subducted sediment ponds against relatively strong uppermost mantle, while in the southwest the crust is thicker, and the relatively weak lower crust allows sediment subduction to greater depths. A narrow zone of high Vp/Vs parallels the shallow part of the plate interface. This suggests elevated fluid pressures, with the distribution of earthquakes about this zone further suggesting that these pressures may be close to lithostatic. The plate interface at 20  km depth beneath the Raukumara Peninsula may thus be a closed system for fluid flow, similar to that seen at much shallower depths in other subduction décollements.  相似文献   

Anisotropic structure of the Hikurangi subduction zone, New Zealand—integrated interpretation of surface-wave andbody-wave observations     

Alex Brisbourne  Graham Stuart  & J.-Michael Kendall 《Geophysical Journal International》1999,137(1):214-230

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Effects of plate and slab viscosities on the geoid     

Shijie Zhong  Geoffrey F Davies 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1999,170(4):123-496

The effects of plate rheology (strong plate interiors and weak plate margins) and stiff subducted lithosphere (slabs) on the geoid and plate motions, considered jointly, are examined with three-dimensional spherical models of mantle flow. Buoyancy forces are based on the internal distribution of subducted lithosphere estimated from the last 160 Ma of subduction history. While the ratio of the lower mantle/upper mantle viscosity has a strong effect on the long-wavelength geoid, as has been shown before, we find that plate rheology is also significant and that its inclusion yields a better geoid model while simultaneously reproducing basic features of observed plate motion. Slab viscosity can strongly affect the geoid, depending on whether a slab is coupled to the surface. In particular, deep, high-viscosity slabs beneath the northern Pacific that are disconnected from the surface as a result of subduction history produce significant long-wavelength geoid highs that differ from the observation. This suggests that slabs in the lower mantle may be not as stiff as predicted from a simple thermally activated rheology, if the slab model is accurate.  相似文献   

A migration model of magmatism explaining a ridge subduction, and its details on a statistical analysis of the granite ages in Cretaceous Southwest Japan     

Osamu Kinoshita 《Island Arc》1999,8(2):181-189

A migration model of magmatism based on the granite ages in Southwest Japan is proposed to explain the ridge subduction beneath the Eurasia continent as the cause of the along-arc and across-arc youngings of the granite ages and the very high activity of the magmatism in the Cretaceous. For the construction of the magmatic model, the localities of the granite age samples are denoted by the cartesian coordinates X and Y, which are measured along and normal to the Median Tectonic Line (MTL), respectively, and their ages are set corresponding to the coordinate Z vertical to the X–Y plane. The age trend is then formulated by a regression plane of Z on X and Y, which inclines in both directions along and normal to the MTL, and approximates the ages with the very high multiple correlation coefficient 0.91. Evaluating the magmatic trend by such a method, various characteristics of the activities can be taken easily; for example, the isochronous line of the magmatism, which is an intersection of the regression plane and an arbitrary horizontal plane, is found to extend landward obliquely across the continental margin. The migrating rate of the isochronous line along the MTL is also taken to be 2.8 cm/year as a reciprocal of the inclination of the along-arc younging. The isochronous line is speculated to be the out-cropped manifestation of the subcrustal linear heat source. Such a migrating linear heat source is probably due to the subduction of an active ridge, the Kula (or Izanagi)–Pacific ridge in the Cretaceous. The migration model of magmatism harmonizes very well with the plates and the ridge motions in the East Asia area during the late Mesozoic. The ridge subduction is one of the important phenomena that explain the unusually active arc magmatism and the migrating slab window; it is important to grasp dynamically the geological messages issued from the system.  相似文献   

Late Jurassic (Tithonian) radiolarians from a clastic unit of the Khabarovsk complex (Russian Far East): Significance for subduction accretion timing and terrane correlation   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Sergei Zyabrev  & Atsushi Matsuoka 《Island Arc》1999,8(1):30-37

A well-preserved radiolarian fauna from a clastic unit of the Khabarovsk accretionary complex (southern part of the Badzhal accretionary wedge terrane in the Russian Far East) is assigned to the basal part of the Pseudodictyomitra carpatica zone. The age of the fauna is most likely late Tithonian. This is the first reliable dating of the clastic unit and makes it possible to constrain the timing of subduction accretion in the Badzhal terrane. The Khabarovsk complex is correlated chronologically with the Bikin and Samarka terranes (Russian Far East), Mino, Southern Chichibu and North Kitakami terranes (Japan), and Nadanhada terrane (northeast China).  相似文献   

Hydrogen and oxygen isotope evidence for fluid–rock interactions in the stages of pre- and post-UHP metamorphism in the Dabie Mountains     

Yong-Fei Zheng  Bin Fu  Yilin Xiao  Yiliang Li  Bing Gong 《Lithos》1999,46(4):224-693

Hydrogen and oxygen isotope studies were carried out on high and ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks in the eastern Dabie Mountains, China. The δ¹⁸O values of eclogites cover a wide range of −4.2 to +8.8‰, but the δD values of micas from the eclogites fall within a narrow range of −87 to −71‰. Both equilibrium and disequilibrium oxygen isotope fractionations were observed between quartz and the other minerals, with reversed fractionations between omphacite and garnet in some eclogite samples. The δ¹⁸O values of −4 to −1‰ for some of the eclogites represent the oxygen isotope compositions of their protoliths which underwent meteoric water–rock interaction before the high to ultrahigh pressure metamorphism. Heterogeneous δ¹⁸O values for the eclogite protoliths implies not only the varying degrees of the water–rock interaction before the metamorphism at different localities, but also the channelized flow of fluids during progressive metamorphism due to rapid plate subduction. Retrograde metamorphism caused oxygen and hydrogen isotope disequilibria between some of the minerals, but the fluid for retrograde reactions was internally buffered in the stable isotope compositions and could be derived from structural hydroxyls dissolved in nominally anhydrous minerals.  相似文献   

镁—4,5—二溴苯基荧光酮络合吸附波及其应用          下载免费PDF全文

温轲  王宅中 《岩矿测试》1999,18(3):225-228

在ＰＨ１０．３的ＮａＢ４Ｏ７－ＮａＯＨ介质中,Ｍｇ＾２＋与４,５－二溴苯基荧光酮形成络合物,于－０．９５Ｖ出现一灵敏的阴极波。Ｍｇ＾２＋的质量浓度在８．２－５８μｇ／Ｌ时与峰电流呈线性关系,检出限为２．１μｇ／Ｌ。  相似文献   

锆石形态的定量研究：福州花岗质复式岩体的成岩机制   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

汪相  吴楚霜 《岩石学报》1999,15(2):247-254

在浙闽粤沿海地区出露了一系列中生代的钙碱性－碱性侵入杂岩,其中福州花岗质复式岩体为该区最有代表性的岩体。本文试通过该岩体中早期原生锆石的大小与晶型的形态学研究,揭示这类侵入杂岩的岩石学特征及其成岩机制。锆石的形态学研究表明,钙碱性岩系中锆石群的晶体大小及晶型指数随岩体的定位次序而呈现连续变化的趋势,而碱性岩系中锆石群的形态的分布范围与钙碱性岩系的不连续,其Ｉｐｙ值远远大于钙碱性岩系锆石群的Ｉｐｙ值,它们代表了两个相对独立的成岩作用的产物。电子探针分析发现,福州花岗质复式岩体中锆石晶型的演化基本上是由其内部的微量元素含量控制的,表现为锆石的ＨｆＯ２含量越低,它的Ｉｐｒ值越高;而锆石的（ＴｈＯ２＋Ｙ２Ｏ３）含量越高,它的Ｉｐｙ值越高。锆石的形态学和微量元素地球化学特征表明,三个钙碱性岩体各自经历了非常相似的成岩过程,可能属于同一源区多阶段部分熔融作用的产物,而碱性岩体则来源于该区抽取了钙碱性花岗质岩浆以后残留物质再次部分熔融作用而分离出来的熔体,后者的形成显示了该区的构造背景已经由强烈挤压为主转化为引张、减压为主的造山期后的特征  相似文献   

高粘土质氧化矿石制粒实验研究     

张辉  刘丛强  何其光 《矿物学报》1999,19(1):108-111

通过对黔西南贞丰某一典型的高粘土质低晶位金氧化矿石浸出、粘结剂配比实验和催熟剂Ｎｏ．１浸金实验研究,表明少量复合粘结剂的加入,极大改善矿石的性质,提高浸取液的溶液渗稼性。４％复合粘结剂的掺入量,不仅使成球粒在２４ｈ内的抗坟强度达到４．０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ＾２,而且在２４ｈ内氰化反应近乎完全,金溶出率高达９６％。  相似文献